Notable overseas co-productions
Threads (1985)
The Tripods (1984)
Doctor Who: The Five Doctors (1983)

Films made here:
On The Beach (1959)
Dark City (1998)
Pitch Black (2000)
20,000 Leagues Under the Sea (1997)
Star Wars films (1999), (2002) and (2005)

Australian productions:
The Cars That Ate Paris (1974)
The Mad Max films (1979, 1981 and 1985)
Patrick (1978)
Encounter at Raven's Gate (1988)
Epsilon (1997)

Showtime
On The Beach (2000)

Nine
The Girl from Tomorrow (1991)
The Girl from Tomorrow Part Two: Tomorrow’s End (1993)
Spellbinder (1995)
Spellbinder: Land of the Dragon Lord (1997)
Farscape (1999)

Seven
The Interpretaris (1966)
Halfway Across the Galaxy and Turn Left (1992)

ABC
The End Begins (1961)
The Stranger (1964)
Vega 4 (1968)
Phoenix Five (1970)
Alpha Scorpio (1974)
Andra (1976)
Tickled Pink: Three Blind Mice (1981)
Watch This Space (1982)
Stark (1993)
Escape from Jupiter (1994)
Return to Jupiter (1997)
Plasmo (1997)

Ten
The Miraculous Mellops (1991)
The Miraculous Mellops 2 (1992)
Ocean Girl (1994)
Thunderstone (1999)
Cybergirl (2001)
Pirate Islands (2002)
Pirate Islands: The Lost Treasure of Fiji (2007)

Great list there and shows what a very fine industry Australia has. It can produce top quality shows and hopefully will continue to do so.

Although I should point out something re: Star Wars.  While Chapters 2 and 3 were indeed filmed in Australia, Chapter 1 was filmed in Britain. I know because it took over the site the James Bond film at the time was meant to (Tomorrow Never Dies 1997). Caused a bit of a rukus...which ultimately bit the studio where it hurt when George Lucas re-located the next two films to Australia.

Noted, plus a couple more;

Ten
K9 (2010- )

Filmed here
The Day the Earth Stood Still (2008)
Independence Day (1996)
The Matrix films (1999, 2003 and 2003)
Planet of the Apes (2001)
Red Planet (2000)

Cartoon
CBS's Mysterious Island (1975)
Ocean Girl (2000)

Radio plays
Frankenstein (1931)
local version of The Shadow

I'm particularly interested in Alpha Scorpio/Andra (which ABC retain copies of, despite claiming copyright issues precluding any broadcasts, and are rumoured to be damaged), The Interpretaris/Vega 4/Phoenix Five (produced by Artransa Park, and claimed to have been repeated as recently as the 1990s -- not on  my tv they weren't!), The Stranger (a clip was played on The Way We Were in 2007) and Three Blind Mice.

Special mention to New Zealand series The Games Affair. Despite vowing to me that it would never be seen again, NZ On Screen appears to have placed an episode here:
http://www.nzonscreen.com/title/the-games-affair---episode-one-1974

Another movie filmed in melbourne was Ghost Rider from a few years ago.

Oh,very good! -- although more fantasy, but I'll add it to the list for others to decide.
An IMDB search for "Sci-Fi" and "Australia" gave examples such as The Adventures of Pluto Nash and The Green Slime, which I suspect means "distributed in Australia by Roadshow". I have discluded unreleased films and shorts with the exception of some animation.

Notable overseas co-productions:

Doctor Who: The Five Doctors (1983)
The Tripods (1984)
Threads (1985)
Something Is Out There (1988)

Disturbing Behavior (1998)
Komodo (1999)

Attack of the Sabretooth (2005)
Battlespace (2006)

Terra Nova (2011)


Australian productions:

Shirley Thompson Versus the Aliens (1972)
The Cars That Ate Paris (1974)
Patrick (1978)
Thirst (1979)
The Mad Max films (1979, 1981 and 1985)

Turkey Shoot (1982)
Encounter at Raven's Gate (1988)

Sky Trackers (1990) and series (1994)
Body Melt (1993)
Epsilon (1997)
Dr. Plonk (2007)


Films made here:

On The Beach (1959)

The Last Wave (1977)

2084 (1984)
The Return of Captain Invincible (1984)
Keiron: The First Voyager (1985)
Dead-End Drive In (1986)
Sky Pirates (1986)
Starview (1986)
Playing Beatie Bow (1986)
The Time Guardian (1987)
Future Past (1987)
As Time Goes by (1988)
Spirits of the Air, Gremlins of the Clouds (1989)
Sons of Steel (1989)
The Salute of the Jugger (1989)

Fatal Sky (1990)
Ultraman (1990)
The Distant Home (1992)
Until the End of the World (1992)
Fortress (1992)
Zone 39 (1996)
Independence Day (1996)
20,000 Leagues Under the Sea (1997)
Chameleon (1998)
Dark City (1998)
Airtight (1999)
The Matrix films (1999, 2003 and 2003)

Virtual Nightmare (2000)
Chameleon II: Death Match (2000)
Chameleon 3: Dark Angel (2000)
Narcosys (2000)
Pitch Black (2000)
Red Planet (2000)
Planet of the Apes (2001)
Bodyjackers (2001)
Star Wars films (2002) and (2005)
Dreamcatcher (2003)
Subterano (2003)
Undead (2003)
Nightclubber (2003)
Crash Test (2004)
Lost: Black Earth (2004)
Godzilla: Final Wars (2004)
Man-Thing (2005)
Liminal (2007)
Resident Evil: Extinction (2007)
The Invasion (2007)
Redemption 101 (2007)
Ghost Rider (2007)
Scorched (2008)
Love Story 2050 (2008)
1 and 0 nly (2008)
The Day the Earth Stood Still (2008)
The Fourth Pillar (2009)
Malibu Shark Attack (2009)
Knowing (2009)
Daybreakers (2009)
Cryptopticon (2010)
Arctic Blast (2010)
Road Train (2010)
Inhabitant (2010)
The Dark Lurking (2010)

Still Waters (2011)
Have Sex and Die (2011)
Sinbad and the Minotaur (2011)


Showtime:

On The Beach (2000)


ABC:

Mr. Squiggle (1959)

The End Begins (1961)
The Stranger (1964)
Wandjina! (1966)
Vega 4 (1968)

Phoenix Five (1970)
Alpha Scorpio (1974)
Andra (1976)

Timelapse (1980)
Tickled Pink: Three Blind Mice (1981)
Watch This Space (1982)
Touch the Sun: Peter & Pompey (1988)

Finders Keepers (1991)
Stark (1993)
Escape from Jupiter (1994)
Return to Jupiter (1997)
Plasmo (1997)

Jeopardy (2002)
Silversun (2004)


Seven:

The Interpretaris (1966)

The Coming (1981)

Halfway Across the Galaxy and Turn Left (1992)
Time Trax (1993)
Space: Above and Beyond (1995)
The Crash Zone (1999)

Time Trackers (2008)


Nine:

The Girl from Tomorrow (1991)
The Girl from Tomorrow Part Two: Tomorrow’s End (1993)
Spellbinder (1995)
Twisted Tales/Two Twisted (1996/2004)
Spellbinder: Land of the Dragon Lord (1997)
Farscape (1999)

Parallax (2004)
Nightmares & Dreamscapes: From the Stories of Stephen King (2006)


Ten:

The Miraculous Mellops (1991)
The Miraculous Mellops 2 (1992)
Ocean Girl (1994)
Mirror, Mirror (1997)
Thunderstone (1999)

Cybergirl (2001)
Legacy of the Silver Shadow (2002)
Pirate Islands (2002)
Pirate Islands: The Lost Treasure of Fiji (2007)

K-9 (2010)


C31:

Damon Dark (1999)


Cartoon:

CBS's Mysterious Island (1975)
A Journey to the Center of the Earth (1977)

In the Aftermath (1989)

Go to Hell! (1997)

The New Adventures of Ocean Girl (2000)
The Mysterious Geographic Explorations of Jasper Morello (2005)
Stolen Life (2007)
Nephilim (2007)
The Lost Thing (2010)

The iCarrot (2011)


Radio plays:

Frankenstein (1931)
The Shadow (1939)


Here are a bunch of hits which don't fit and may be spurious:

Rocky Star (1993)
Roar (1997)
The Lost World (1999)

Border Patrol (2000)
Wicked Science (2006)
Dreamland (2009)
Stormworld (2009)

Shifters (2011)